Courage of Atticus Finch free essay sample

Atticus Finch, a committed legal counselor and merciful dad of two, shows numerous cases of incredible mental fortitude as he battles against bigotry to guarantee equity when an honest person of color is blamed for assault in a little southern town. His activities all through the preliminary, just as his own life, every one showing empathy, boldness, and commitment loved him in numerous people groups eyes and in the end won him the title of fims number one saint ever. Buddha characterized empathy as that which makes the core of the great move at the torment of others. † The book of Leviticus communicates it all the more basically as â€Å"love thy neighbor†. In To Kill A Mockingbird Atticus Finch shows sympathy in each part of his life; in the maintaining of his profession, the bringing up of his kids, and his assurance to follow his own heart while confronting evaluate, defamation, and dangers. Atticus’ sympathy for Tom Robinson earned him the disdain of numerous bigot residents in his little, southern town. We will compose a custom article test on Mental fortitude of Atticus Finch or on the other hand any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page He was offended, compromised genuinely, at one point even drew nearer by a crowd of furious, poteentially savage men, however Atticus took the entirety of this undeserved maltreatment with beauty and the affirmation that he was directly in his choices. When even the kids started to know about Atticus new notoriety as a n***** safeguard Scout asked her dad how he might be making the best decision on the off chance that it drove everyone so mad. Atticus answered ; â€Å"The one thing that doesnt submit to dominant part lead is a people still, small voice. † Atticus, however an amazingly committed attorney, cherishes just his youngsters; Jem and Scout Finch. He regards them as equivalents, permitting them to call him by his first name, and uses reason and empathy, as opposed to discipline, to assist them with developing and see their deficiencies. One of his most significant exercises was showing Scout the ideas of sympathy and compassion. At the point when she got back home furious with her new instructor he requested that her imagine life from the teacher’s viewpoint. â€Å"You never truly comprehend an individual until you consider things from his perspective until you move into his skin and stroll around in it. This is an exercise that stuck through Scout entirely through the novel’s end when she faces the area from Boo Radley’s patio. Winston Churchill has said that â€Å"Courage is the stuff to stand up and talk; mental fortitude is additionally the stuff to plunk down and tune in. † Through out the cou rse of The Robinson Trials Atticus shows the two types of these boldness; taking on James Wright’s job of the ‘accusing finger’ even with his town, and clutching an exceptional confidence in tranquility and pacifism while confronting both verbal and physical assaults. The observers for the State, except for the sheriff of Maycomb County have introduced themselves to you courteous fellows, to this court in the skeptical certainty that their declaration would not be questioned, sure that you men of honor would oblige them on the presumption the abhorrent supposition that all Negroes lie, all Negroes are fundamentally shameless creatures, every Negro man are not trustworthy around our ladies. A presumption that one partners with psyches of their gauge, and which is, in itself, refined men, an untruth, which I don't have to bring up to you. Atticus Finch’s shutting proclamation in the interest of Tom Robinson. As a white man, remaining before a jury and a crow d of people of white, southern men Atticus blamed the whole town for numbness and prejudice, putting his notoriety, his life, and, unconsciously, even his kids in danger in his craving to talk reality. â€Å"Dedication isn't what others expect of you, it is the thing that you can provide for other people. † Atticus demonstrated genuine devotion to his work, not in the quest for cash, however in the genuine want to support his companions and neighors, and carry equity and harmony to his modest community. Atticus stayed devoted to his customer, with no worry for his own notoriety or the assessments of his friends. He had committed his life to the law, and would not lose that devotion to assuage the obliviousness of others. In 2003 Atticus Finch was pronounced the main artistic and screen saint ever by The American Film Institutes CBS uncommon. Despite the fact that Atticus does nothing almost as dramtic or spectatular as the legends tailing him on the rundown, Indiana Jones and James Bond, his character is set apart by devotion, empathy, and the calm, ordinary mental fortitude we as a whole long to have.

Financial Analysis Of J Sainsbury PLC And Morrison PLC Essay

Money related Analysis Of J Sainsbury PLC And Morrison PLC - Essay Example Albeit momentary liquidity of Sainsbury is lesser than Morrisons, it could be defended by the way that the organization has all the more working capital accessible when contrasted with Morrisons. This demonstrates the liquidity wellbeing of the Sainsbury as against Morrisons. The receivable’s turnover pace of the Sainsbury is more than the contender which is a direct result of the way that the organization is concentrating on extending the client base. When the client relationship is created, it would be simpler for Sainsbury to bolt the clients and draw in them to buy more. It is apparent from the stock turnover rate that both the organizations bring the deals from stock in a sensible timeframe. This shows Sainsbury is functioning according to arranging; its deals are expanding however they are not over-loading as it will upset their momentary liquidity ratio.The obligation proportion of both the organizations is comparative which demonstrates that this proportion is kept up over the business. The proportion uncovers positive outcomes as half of the benefits are financed by value financing. This lessens the job of outer loan bosses influencing the choices of Sainsbury. In spite of the way that premium inclusion of Morrison’s is obviously superior to Sainsbury, it doesn't influence the choice to put resources into Sainsbury. Regardless of the lower premium inclusion of Sainsbury, its advantage costs are as yet multiple times lesser than its working benefit which shows that there is no expected danger of credit hazard or insolvency for the organization.

Android: Advanced Technology, Superior Quality Essay -- Technology

The Android working framework is notable among the majority, generally known for its innovative telephones that are discharged normally. The mascot, a green outsider for Android has likewise pulled in a ton of consideration. Android was established by Andy Rubin and his accomplices Rich Miner, Nick Sears and Chris White in 2003. In 2005, Google searched out the chance and purchased Android. It was then evolved by Google and Open Hands Alliance. As time advanced numerous enhancements and updates were made since the underlying arrival of the framework. The working framework gets â€Å"sweeter† by the update, actually; each working framework is named after a sweet treat. A few Examples are Cupcake, Donut, Éclair, Froyo, Gingerbread, and most as of late, Honeycomb. Each working framework discharged one after another in order, every framework more prominent than the last. Android is right now the best working framework, outperforming both Apple and Windows in deals (â€Å"Hist ory of Android†). Android claims to clients through the consumers’ requirement for inventive innovation; this has made visual stylish publicizing strategies and brand competitions, which thusly prompts Androids developing brand. Jib Fowles breaks down advertisers’ techniques to speak to buyers. In his article, â€Å"Advertising’s Fifteen Basic Appeals,† Fowles addresses fifteen strategies publicists use so as to convince buyers to buy their items. Like most brands, Android utilizes these methods among others to engage the majority. One strategy specifically is the utilization of stylish sensations to speak to shoppers. Fowles states that â€Å"Advertisers know there is minimal possibility of good correspondence happening if an advertisement isn't outwardly satisfying. Now and again the tasteful component is extended and made into an advertiseme... ...ual for English 103 (2011): 73-91. Print. 15 March 2012. Lyons, Daniel. â€Å"Android Invasion.† Newsweek 156.15. 11 October 2010: 42-49. Web. 23 March 2012. Pogue, David. â€Å"Android Phones Take A Power Trip† The New York Times. 9 February 2012: 1-3 Web. 23 March 2012. Romaniuk, Jenny. â€Å"The Efficacy of Brand-Execution Tactics in TV Advertising, Brand Placements, and web Advertising.† Ehrenberg-Bass Institute for Marketing Science (2009). Web. 23 March 2012. Rubinson, Joel. Simply Asking Why You Should Make People Curious about Your Brand? The Advertising Research Foundation (2009). Web. 23 March 2012. Run Android 4G Cat Commercial. 1 June 2011. Youtube. Web. 23 March 2012. The History of Android Operating System. Android 3.0 Tablet versus IPad. Web. 12 Apr. 2012. Verizon Wireless Motorola Droid (iDon’t Commercial) 17 Oct 2009. Youtube. Web. 23 March 2012.

5 Facts You Didnt Know About Student Enrollment and Travel Patterns

The quantity of universal understudies selected the US has expanded 72% since 2000, yet what do we think about how portable U.S. understudies are? Do they will in general remain nearby or go to class in an alternate state? What number of need to concentrate abroad? We collaborated with StudentUniverse, an understudy travel asset, to present to you this infographic. To separate how far understudies travel considerably more, we analyzed ’s selective information about explicit states and found these takeaways: Understudies from Utah, Wisconsin, and California are the well on the way to remain in-state. 70% of understudies from Utah don’t leave the state to go to school. Understudies from Hawaii, North Dakota, and Rhode Island were the well on the way to take off of state. Just 8% of Hawaiians remained in-state. Where do understudies go when they leave state? Understudies from Hawaii incline toward schools in California, while North Dakotans and Rhode Islanders favor Massachusetts. The title of most well known by and large express that understudies pick when they leave their home states goes to Massachusetts, trailed by California and afterward Pennsylvania. Out-of-state enlistment marginally squeezed out a success over in-state enlistment: 50.4% of understudies on decide to go to class outside of their home state. To peruse what understudies expounded on voyaging, click here!The in-state/out-of-state inclination likewise economically affects students’ spending plans just as on colleges. As indicated by Collegeboard, the normal in-state educational cost is $9,410 contrasted with the normal out-of-state educational cost of $23,893. That’s a really sizable hole for understudies with monetary imperatives. It additionally features one explanation colleges might be moving toward conceding progressively universal understudies who pay full educational cost. Is it an opportunity to patch up the expense of advanced education in the US? What do you think?If youre beginning your school search and pondering what other place to apply, look for your fantasy school and see where other acknowledged understudies got in. You can visit with an undergrad to find support with your applications and papers, and discover precisely how to get in. Source: http://trends.collegeboard.org/destinations/default/documents/2015-patterns school estimating last 508.pdf

Trade Diversion and Trade Creation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Exchange Diversion and Trade Creation - Essay Example The idea of exchange creation and the exchange redirection depends on the expense of creation and the estimation of the results among nations or locales. Exchange creation emerges due to economic agreements that happen between various nations that are engaged with a spending shift by the residential buyers. The understanding targets moving nearby customer consumption from greater expense source local spending to a lower cost source accomplice spending (El-Agraa and El-Agraa, 2007). To explain the idea of exchange redirection, take a case of two nations inside the EU that have consented to an exchanging arrangement. Taking in nation An and nation B. Nation A families can turn their spending on protection and vehicles provided by its local providers at a greater expense to those gave by nation B providers at a lower cost working in a similar market. The essential embodiment of exchange creation is to empower an upsurge in exchange among nations that enter an understanding by marking the exchange accord (Laine, 2011). The exchange creation additionally prompts a productive allotment of restricted assets and raises gain in client and producer government assistance. The following is an outline demonstrating both the household flexibly and the inner interest for exchange creation the European Countries. The outline exhibits that entrance to less expensive supplies permits a lower value, which benefits the last purchaser. The outline additionally shows that a decrease in cost that prompts an extension popular consequently an expansion in buyer overflow. The brought about excess further prompts a net improvement in the country’s financial government assistance. Then again, exchange preoccupation is best characterized as an adjustment in nearby client speeding from a zone of lower cost source to a territory of higher accomplice cost source. It happens due to the expulsion of levies on the imports procured from the other accomplice nations. Exchange redirection is generally founded on the current levies on the outer imports of the products and ventures.

How Long Does Methadone Stay in Your System

How Long Does Methadone Stay in Your System Addiction Drug Use Opioids Print How Long Does Methadone Stay in Your System? By Buddy T facebook twitter Buddy T is an anonymous writer and founding member of the Online Al-Anon Outreach Committee with decades of experience writing about alcoholism. Learn about our editorial policy Buddy T Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on December 14, 2015 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on February 20, 2020 Getty Images More in Addiction Drug Use Opioids Cocaine Heroin Marijuana Meth Ecstasy/MDMA Hallucinogens Prescription Medications Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery Methadone is an opiate analgesicâ€"a narcotic pain  medication thats sometimes prescribed for people who arent getting enough relief from another analgesic.?? Like other opioids, it works by changing the way the brain and the rest of the nervous system respond to the sensation of pain. Interestingly, methadone is used most often to help prevent withdrawal symptoms in people whove become addicted to other opiates such as heroin, and who are  undergoing treatment to break that addiction. Withdrawal from a drug like heroin can be excruciating. Methadone helps to ease the process by producing sensations that are similar to the effects of the drug. The High Risk of Methadone Overdose Methadone is a powerful medication and it remains active in the system long after its analgesic effects wear off.?? The U.S. Food and Drug Administration states that while pain relief from methadone can last from four to eight hours, it can take between eight and 59 hours for the drug to fully clear from the body.?? This means that someone whos taking it for pain relief may think they need to take a second dose before the first one has completely cleared from his system, potentially causing him to take too much of the drug. This can lead to a coma or even be fatal, so its important to know the early symptoms of a methadone overdose. These include slowed breathing; sleepiness; muscle weakness; cold, clammy skin; changes in the size of pupils (they can become narrower or wider); and slowed heart rate. If you think someone has overdosed on methadone, get emergency help right away. If caught early, methadone overdose may be reversed with a drug called  Narcan (naloxone). In fact, it is the position of the American College of Medical Toxicology that medical providers be extremely cautious when prescribing methadone for pain relief. Preferably the use of methadone for pain relief should be avoided. Methadone should not be prescribed on an as-needed basis.?? Preventing an overdose of methadone is one reason its important to know how long it can stay in the body. Another is that because it affects the central nervous system, certain other substances that affect the central nervous system should always be avoided if theres any chance theres methadone in the system. These include alcohol; antidepressants; other narcotic pain relievers; medications for anxiety, nausea, or mental illness; muscle relaxants; sedatives; sleeping pills; tranquilizers; and any type of street drug. The official lethal dose of methadone for an adult who isn’t dependent is 25 mg. For a regular methadone user, the fatal dose may be 200 mg. Methadone builds up in the system, and even a prescribed dose could be an overdose. Symptoms of methadone overdose may take up to ten hours to appear. Methadone is reported responsible over one-third of all overdose deaths from prescription painkillers, or as many as four out of ten prescription painkiller overdose deaths involve methadone.?? Testing for Methadone Estimating how long methadone is detectable in a persons body depends on several factors, such as age, weight, percentage of body fat, how active a person is, and the level of hydration. Some health conditions can play a role in the rate at which drugs are metabolized by the body.  The length and frequency of methadone use, as well as the dosage, also factor into the length of time it might be detectable. There are some estimated ranges of times, or detection windows, during which methadone can be detected by various testing methods. However, in urine, this window is six to 12 days. A blood test for methadone can detect the drug for up to 24 hours and a saliva test can detect it for one to 10 days. Like many other drugs,  methadone can be detected with a hair follicle test for up to 90 days.??

The Value of Reputation in Dreiser’s Materialist America - Literature Essay Samples

In his novel Sister Carrie, Theodore Dreiser’s portrait of American materialism coincides with his characters’ values as they strive to promote their images. Critics of Sister Carrie often point out the inadequate human relationships Dreiser forms; however, perhaps Dreiser chooses not to focus on individuals directly talking to one another, but instead, he devotes attention to how people talk about one another. Dreiser’s characters constantly construct biases toward other characters based on speculative gossip, accentuated by class discrepancies. For example, Julia Hurstwood, insecure about her crumbling marriage, perhaps finds solace in gossiping with her daughter about families with less money than her own. Even a minor character like Drouet’s chambermaid attempts to socially progress as she recognizes Drouet’s support for Carrie and dismantles their relationship through gossip. Moreover, Dreiser reveals the increasing importance of newspapers and free press in America; specifically, Hurstwood takes substantial measures to avoid scandal whereas Carrie obsesses about the publicity she receives for her acting career. Yet, the gossip that characters thrust upon others stems from the deluded thinking that an individual’s reputation outweighs all else in determining class hierarchy, enforcing America’s materialist values. Dreiser’s portrayal of the Hurstwood family dinner suggests the treatment of reputation as a materialist concept as the family discusses other families’ fortunes and misfortunes. George Hurstwood Jr. announces his intention to visit a nearby resort and see his friend’s new steam launch. His statement prompts economic discussion raised by his parents who probe the Fahrway’s financial situation and offer insights. George says the new steam launch costs â€Å"over two thousand dollars† (79), and he learns from his friend Jack that the Fahrway’s medicinal shipp ing industry now expands to Australia and Cape Town. George’s gossipy hearsay promotes the Fahrway’s image. In effort to spite the Fahrway’s social climb, Mrs. Hurstwood bitterly discloses the Fahrway’s past as she exclaims, â€Å"Just think of that! And only four years ago they had that basement in Madison Street† (79). Mrs. Hurstwood’s remark has no essentially applicability to what George discusses, yet she introduces it as a means of condemning the Fahrway family and elevating her own. While the Fahrway’s overseas expansion incites awe from George’s awe, it likely incites jealousy from Mrs. Hurstwood since the Fahrways are evidently wealthier than the Hurstwoods. Of course, Mrs. Hurstwood also seizes the chance to put down the less wealthy Griswold family as soon as her daughter Jessica raises concerns over Martha Griswold’s dramatic skills. Mrs. Hurstwood questions, â€Å"Her family doesn’t amount to anythi ng, does it? They haven’t anything, have they?† (80). Mrs. Hurstwood’s rude questions hint not only at Martha’s alleged lack of talent but more significantly, at the Griswolds financial situation. In turn, Jessica compares the Griswolds to church mice, complementing Mrs. Hurstwood’s intent to slander. Mrs. Hurstwood’s bias likely stems from her subconscious thinking that putting down others by gossiping about them will somehow make her feel more secure about her own family and materialist lifestyle. Perhaps she deludes herself into thinking that she can protect her reputation by gossiping about other families, but Dreiser later overturns this attitude as her husband creates a scandal, marring her reputation. As Dreiser’s protagonist Carrie makes her way into society, she, too, begins to recognize the value of one’s reputation. Also, Carrie’s outlook on gossip evolves quickly throughout the novel, for she first rejects th e banter that occurs amongst the factory girls. On her first day, she hears the other girls gossiping lightly about men, but Carrie concentrates only on her work and feels â€Å"there [is] something hard and low about it all† (38). She also notes feeling more imaginative than the girls’ due to their lighthearted gossip as if she elevates herself above them. Ironically, Carrie cannot escape the material worth of one’s image and the gossip that follows it, affirming Dreiser’s critique on America. She moves into an apartment with Drouet and befriends her neighbor Mrs. Hale whose â€Å"gossip[forms] the medium through which [Carrie] sees the world† (94). Carrie evidently now joins Mrs. Hurstwood in perceiving others and constructing biases based on the gossip she hears. Dreiser now exposes gossip as a means of discussing others’ behaviors and the need to either condemn or copy those behaviors as he writes, â€Å"Such trivialities, such praises of wealth, such conventional expression of morals [sift] through [Carrie’s] mind† (94). And, in this regard, Carrie learns to imitate others so as to know what is conventional and project such conventions onto others, advocating her image. Carrie may seek to feel secure about her image, just as Mrs. Hurstwood wishes not to be talked about in a negative light, but Carrie’s role as the fallen woman of the novel certainly invites gossip. For example, Mrs. Hale watches Carrie come home one evening from her upper window and thinks to herself, â€Å"[Carrie] goes riding with another man when her husband is out of the city. He had better keep an eye on her† (119). Of course, Dreiser foreshadows Drouet’s negligence in that Drouet will lose Carrie, but Mrs. Hale adds to the critique of reputational interests in that she previously gossips with Carrie and now could potentially gossip about her. Mrs. Hale witnesses Carrie’s affair inclusively, however, with Drouet’s housemaid who, hopeful for Drouet’s affection, utilizes her bias against Carrie in an effort to socially progress. The housemaid has no name; Dreiser argues that even an unnamed character within his story can damage another’s reputation and attempt to elevate his or her own. Yet, she gossips to the cook about Carrie’s affair because she despises Carrie and pities Drouet, and consequently, â€Å"a hum of gossip [is] set going which [moves] about the house in that secret manner common to gossip† (119). Several chapters later, Dreiser exposes the ill-mannered intentions of the housemaid who thinks Carrie and Drouet are married. Carrie leaves to meet Hurstwood, and Drouet returns to the apartment looking for her. He questions the housemaid and then flirtingly chats with her, admiring her ring. She casually asks about Hurstwood and then reveals that he visited Carrie â€Å"a dozen times† (177) while Drouet traveled. She even delight s in gossiping, smiling as she says, â€Å"That’s all you know about it† after Drouet counters her claim. Dreiser describes the housemaid as a â€Å"mischievous newsmonger,† suggesting her intentions as a social climber. Again, the housemaid puts down Carrie and feels more comfortable with her reputation as she grows closer to Drouet by disclosing information. Drouet continues to deny her gossip until she fools with â€Å"with an air of one who [does] not intentionally mean to create trouble† and says, â€Å"He came lots of times. I thought you knew† (178). The housemaid’s motives later create a rife in Drouet and Carrie’s relationship; Dreiser shows that even though Carrie’s business does not concern the morally questionable housemaid, the housemaid seizes the chance to appeal to Drouet, potentially gaining his affection and a place in society. Hurstwood articulates the consequences of unfavorable publicity as evidenced by his efforts to cover up his scandals. Even before initiating the affair with Carrie, Hurstwood knows that he might lose his jobs over any scandal, and he takes measures to keep his matters â€Å"circumspect† by visiting â€Å"conventional places [and] doing conventional things† in public (81). Dreiser says that, â€Å"[Hurstwood loses] sympathy for the man that made a mistake and was found out† (82), which foreshadows Hurstwood’s commitment to keeping away negative press coverage. When his wife seriously threatens to hire a divorce attorney and a private investigator, Hurstwood’s primary concern is, â€Å"How [will] the papers talk about it?† (207). He knows that he will lose his job if the newspaper mentions his wrongdoing, so he complies with his wife’s demands. Moreover, after he flees to Montreal with the stolen money and Carrie, he anxiously checks the morning papers to find that â€Å"very little [is] given to his crime, but it [i s] there, several ‘sticks’ in all, among all the riffraff of telegraphed murders, accidents, marriages, and other news† (253). The fear of being caught and having his name tarnished by the press drives Hurstwood to send the money back to Fitzgerald and Moy. Hurstwood keeps his scandals from newspaper, showing that he thinks of his reputation as a materialistic possession. While Hurstwood avoids media attention, Carrie indulges it after breaking from Hurstwood and becoming an actress on her own. She knows that a favorable representation by the press can strengthen her position as an actress, and through this bias she desperately seeks to be written about. Her friend Lola introduces her to several gossipy theatre tabloids, and gradually, Carrie â€Å"[longs] to be renowned like others, and read with avidity all the complimentary or critical comments [make] concerning others high in her profession† (390). Carrie receives a speaking part in a play after the ori ginal actress quits, and soon after, she finds her expectation fulfilled as one newspaper describes her as â€Å"one of the cleverest members of the chorus† (391). Soon after, Carrie earns more media spotlight, and one newspaper even publishes her picture. In a sense, Carrie comes full circle with gossip in that she recovers from being talked about by the housemaid and gains a favorable reputation by theatre critics. Of course, Dreiser adds irony to this dynamic in that the papers know Carrie by her stage name Carrie Madenda. Carrie Meeber never accrues the attention she seeks. Indeed, while Carrie Drouet’s behavior unsettles the housemaid and Mrs. Hale, Carrie Madenda’s performance pleases the press, and Carrie’s reputational interests disable her from embracing her true name and fulfilling her dream. As gossip pervades Sister Carrie, Dreiser examines a key force that drives individuals. Americans of the era seem to consider reputation in a materialistic fashion, constantly seeking to either bolster or defend their names. Dreiser’s characters who engage in gossip have varying intentions, but they all share the view that one’s reputation is a principle determinant in America’s class system. Dreiser proves that the fixation about class hierarchy propagates gossip and fuels biases, keeping characters from recognizing their own interiorities and achieving their American dreams.

An Expert Of The Law - 1005 Words

In Jesus’ day, life was obviously very different than it today. They had different customs and a different culture than we today. Sometimes when we read Scripture, we do not fully understand the culture and therefore lose some of the message. One example of this is the Good Samaritan which is found in Luke 10:25-37. When the reader better understands the culture, they can better understand the full meaning of Jesus’ parable on â€Å"who is my neighbor.† The story starts out by saying an â€Å"expert of the law† asked Jesus a question. An expert of the law was a Pharisee. Pharisee’s practiced an exaggerated form of ritual purity and wanted everyone else to do so too. They often looked down on people if they did not. The Old Testament, especially the Pentateuch, talks a lot about purity and cleanliness. In these books, there are many laws given about purity. It gives laws about what a Jewish person could eat, who they could interact with, what things would one could do as certain things were clean/unclean and more. There were laws that explained ritual purity and how to become clean. These laws gave warnings against touching unclean things. The Israelites were expected to follow these laws if they wanted to do well in the Promised Land. They should also do these out of love for God, as these are his laws. Among these laws, are laws that have to deal with dead bodies and how people/priest were to handle them. In Leviticus, it talks about dealing with dead animals. The people are not toShow MoreRelatedA Brief Note On Criminology : Group Project Essay1239 Words   |  5 Pages Criminology: Group Project Name Institution Expert Witness An expert is a witness who has a knowledge or experience in a particular field that is beyond that of a layman. 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It seems as though the only way to prevent most of them is to enforce the repercussions of the act and punish those that partake in it. Criminals often have motives or attributes that lead them into a life of crime. Forensic psychology is the cynosure that brings the association

How to Form Compound Nouns in Italian

Where does the word â€Å"autostrada - highway† come from? It comes from two words: auto (car) and strada (street), giving it a literal meaning of â€Å"a street for cars.† This is just one example of a compound noun in Italian, or a word that is combined of two other words. In Italian linguistics, this is called a â€Å"composto - compound† or a â€Å"parola composta - compound word.† Other examples include: fermare carte  » fermacarte - paperweightpasta asciutta  » pastasciutta - dried pastacassa panca  » cassapanca - dresser Creating compound nouns is one of the primary ways, after adding suffixes, to increase the amount of vocabulary in the language. The formation of new words is particularly useful to the development of terminologie tecnico-scientifiche (scientific and technical terminology). Consider, for example, the numerous compound nouns with Greek elements in the language of medicine: elettrocardiogramma - electrocardiogramcancerogeno - carcinogenic What Makes Up a Compound Noun A compound need not be two (or more) forme libere, such as â€Å"asciuga(re)† and â€Å"mano† in â€Å"asciugamano.† They can also be two (or more) forme non libere, such as antropo- (from the Greek à ¡nthrÃ… pos man) and -fago (from the Greek phaghà ªin to eat) in antropofago he who eats human flesh. The Greek elements antropo- and -fago, unlike asciuga(re) and mano, do not exist as stand-alone words, but are found only in compound nouns. Aside from this difference, another should be noted: in compound nouns, such as â€Å"asciugamano,† there is the sequence verb (asciugare) noun (mano) while those such as antropofago have an inverse sequence: noun (antropo- man) verb (-fago to eat). In any event, there is a fundamental property common to these two compounds: the implied, underlying phrase of both has a verbal predicate: (qualcosa) asciuga (la) mano  » asciugamano - (something) dries (the) hand  » hand towel(qualcosa) mangia (l) uomo  » antropofago - (something) eats (the) man  » cannibal In other cases, however, the implied phrase of the compound has a nominal predicate. In other words, it is a sentence containing the verb essere: (il) filo (à ¨) spinato  » filo spinato - (the) wire (is) barbed  » barbed wire(la) cassa (à ¨) forte  » cassaforte - (the) box (is) strong  » strongbox, safe    EXAMPLES OF ITALIAN COMPOUND NOUNS Noun Noun / Nome Nome capo stazione  » capostazione - stationmastercapo giro  » capogiro - dizzinesscassa panca  » cassapanca - dressermadre perla  » madreperla - mother-of-pearl Noun Adjective / Nome Aggettivo cassa forte  » cassaforte - strongbox, safe Adjective Noun / Aggettivo Nome franco bollo  » francobollo - stampmezza luna  » mezzaluna - half-moon Adjective Adjective / Aggettivo Aggettivo piano forte  » pianoforte - pianosordo muto  » sordomuto - deaf-mute Verb Verb / Verbo Verbo dormi veglia  » dormiveglia - stupor, lethargysali scendi  » saliscendi - latch Verb Noun / Verbo Nome apri scatole  » apriscatole - can openerlava piatti  » lavapiatti - dishwasherspazza neve  » spazzaneve - snowplow Verb Adverb / Verbo Avverbio posa piano  » posapiano - slowpokebutta fuori  » buttafuori - bouncer Adverb Verb / Avverbo Verbio bene stare  » benestare - approval, blessing, consentmale essere  » malessere - unease, discomfort Adverb Adjective / Avverbo Aggettivo sempre verde  » sempreverde - evergreen Preposition or Adverb Noun / Preposizione o Avverbio Nome sotto passaggio  » sottopassaggio - underpassanti pasto  » antipasto - appetizersopra nome  » soprannome - nicknamedopo scuola  » doposcuola - after-school    Compound Nouns with â€Å"Capo† Among the compounds formed using the term capo (head), in the figurative sense, a distinction must be made between: those in which the term capo indicates one who commands, the manager: capo scuola  » caposcuola - deancapo stazione  » capostazione - stationmastercapo classe  » capoclasse - class president and those in which the element capo indicates either excellence or beginning of something: capo lavoro  » capolavoro - masterpiececapo verso  » capo verso - paragraph, indent There are also other types of compounds, formed in more diverse ways: capodanno capo dellanno (noun preposition noun) - New Year, end of the yearpomodoro pomo doro (noun preposition noun) - tomatobuono-sconto buono per ottenere uno sconto - discount ticketfantascienza scienza del fantastico - science fiction

Comparing Emily Brontës Wuthering Heights to Mary...

The gothic genre created both a lot of films and novels, some of which are debatable as to if they were categorized properly. The Films Emily Bront#235;s Wuthering Heights directed by Peter Kosminsky, and Mary Shelleys Frankenstein directed by Kenneth Branagh are both based on novels. Both films display many different ideas, and are structured differently, but Mary Shelleys Frankenstein is an archetype for the gothic genre. Although the two are very different films, through the use of gloom and horror, film techniques, and heroic traits, both films are able to prove themselves part of the gothic genre by displaying many gothic elements. Through the use of different gothic elements such as gloom and horror, each film is able to†¦show more content†¦The similarities that come to play in both films would be that each use this method of stormy weather to symbolize a meaningful purpose, to not only achieve a better sense of gloom and horror, but to make use of a great gothic element. In each film the use of different camera techniques allowed for a sense of the suspense to be created. In Emily Bront#235;s Wuthering Heights techniques were used to display suspense, thrill, action, death, as well as new beginnings. Suspense could be viewed in the film during times of excitement or unsure curiosity. For example, when Mr. Lockwood is inside Catherines old room, before he sees her ghost, the camera cuts to a view of the house from the outside. The camera then focuses on the window of the room he is in and quickly zooms in, the camera then cuts back to inside the room and as it faces the window a tree branch breaks right through the window and transforms into the hands of Catherines ghost. In Mary Shelleys Frankenstein the use of film techniques were able to create a sense of fear, as well as create some intricate action sequences, which ended up displaying high emotion, anger, surprise and terror. In one particular scene, all of these elements were met. When Dr. Fran kenstein and his new wife Elizabeth were finally married they were forced to run away from the monster to a guarded shelter. When Dr. Frankenstein heard a noise

What Role Does Philosophy Have in My Life - 822 Words

What Role Does Philosophy Have in my Life? In many circumstances individuals consider Philosophy to be a very abstract field, but what exactly is Philosophy? Philosophy studies the basic nature of existence, of man, and of mans relationship to existence. What we must question is, would one be better off with or with out Philosophy? I consider that one should live a life with Philosophy. Philosophy consists of questioning man’s relationship to existence; if man does not question existence, are we just living through the notions of life? As humans we feel the need to believe in something and search for understanding. The consideration of Philosophy opened a new realm of questions. The fields of Metaphysics and Epistemology were derived†¦show more content†¦Imagine a life without questions, the search for the truth. We could all go about life, oblivious to the world around us, being lied to, deceived, and wronged, without even knowing. Although sometimes it is better to let a situation play out how it was suppo se to, instead of trying to change what was already going to happen, it is complicated to just sit back, and ignore the fact that you could have altered the outcome. Now what I must consider is what kind of philosophical theory would I use to determine my actions? Virtue ethics clearly describes what I believe is the right way of living. What kind of person I ought to be? We should not only consider our desires, but try and seek the happiness of others through their needs as well. Although we want to show our virtues, at times it is difficult to completely stop ourselves from acting upon our urges. Hence, there are two different kinds of virtues. The reasoning abilities, when we study nature or think about something, it is to be intellectually virtuous. We also use our rational ability by reducing our impulses, which would be considered morally virtuous. Another theory I live by is the universal law. If something that is done can be considered wrong to one person, then it would be wrong for anyone else, at any time. One should not be bias to a situation only because it is relevant to the outcome they are looking for. Although it is difficult to k eep an unbiased decision, it couldShow MoreRelatedWhy I Should Be A Teacher1676 Words   |  7 PagesFor most of my life I have wanted to be a teacher. The biggest reason why I want to be a teacher is because I want to help students like my teachers have helped me. I was homeschooled until sixth grade, and once my parents put me into that school; I have wanted to become a teacher. Throughout my life, I have always enjoyed helping people. I always look for things that I can to do to help people and with teacher I can inspire students every day. I want to change my student’s lives, by teaching thenRead MoreMy Personal Philosophy Of Education1244 Words   |  5 Pagesbe prepared for all cases a teacher must have a detailed guideline and understanding of their own response and what they deem best. In creating such a resource now, before diving into a classroom, a teacher can have time to develop and broaden their philosophy of teaching—be prepared before they take that f atal plunge. So, in order to be best prepared for my future endeavors as an educator, I believe it is in my best interest to lay out a personal philosophy of education—a lay out that will aid meRead MoreMy Own Beliefs About Teaching And Learning Essay1679 Words   |  7 Pagesabout your own beliefs about teaching and learning. In writing, discuss which of the philosophies of education and the learning orientations are closest to you? Why? Which do not fit with your philosophy of education and learning? Why? Based upon my own beliefs about teaching and learning, the philosophy of education and the learning orientation that is closest to me is Progressivism; which is a philosophy that places focus on the influential ideologies of education. Progressives believe thatRead MoreWhy I Should Be A Teacher1076 Words   |  5 Pagesthink they have a great sense of humor. Teachers also have a job security and that is important because not all jobs have that. I feel like in order to be a teacher I need to have compassion for My students. As a teacher, I want to care for my students and show them appreciation. I want my students to succeed in what they want in life. According to Ferlazzo (2015), â€Å"Students work hardest for teachers they like and respect. When I am asked, â€Å"How do I get students to like and respect me?† my immediateRead MorePersonal Nursing Theory661 Words   |  3 PagesWhy is it Important to Articulate Your Personal Philosophy of Nursing? Nurses often feel a conflict between the ideals of the profession and the reality of the job.   Deheny (2001) writes â€Å"demands and expectations of the role are greater than the resources or number of hours in the day to accomplish what nurses would define as quality nursing care† (para. 1).   Also, the use of advanced technology can create emotional withdrawal from the patient as the nurse focuses more on the machines than the personRead MoreMy Personal Philosophy Of Nursing1715 Words   |  7 PagesPersonal Philosophy of Nursing Throughout all of life, there is only a finite amount of time before a living organism perishes out of this world. When regarding human beings specifically, their lifespans on earth are a blink of an eye. However, this blink of an eye has varied throughout all of recorded history. Through the practice of medicine, the human race has increased life expectancy by not only years, but decades. With the help of famous theorists such as Castillo Roy, and Imogene King, theRead MoreEssay on Teaching: A Priceless Profession994 Words   |  4 PagesProfession What if there was a career that not only inspired people to be lawyers and brain surgeons, but was also responsible for motivating the average fast food employee to take just as much pride and initiative in their work? Although most people underestimate the profound role that educators play in today’s society, teachers have a tremendous responsibility. They have the opportunity to not only challenge their students intellectually, but they can teach them how to gear what they have learnedRead MoreThe On The Key Of Freedom1469 Words   |  6 Pagestherefore providing those who receive an education in whatever they want, become free in their own right. They are free to choose from the possibilities that are unlock through the training, and education they have received. Therefore because of my own view, and perspective on life I have decided to be an educator to liberate those who come from lower income houses by providing them with tools and skills necessary that in the long run can allow them to be liberated from the constraints that theirRead MorePhilosophical Beliefs InGrendel, By John Gardner997 Words   |  4 Pagesunexamined life is not worth living†. Socrates’ belief in the necessity of scrutinizing life can be found throughout history, in the form of philosophy. In his novel Grendel, author John Gardner depicts the journey of the main character Grendel through a variety of philosophical beliefs. Grendel frequently examines the philosophies he comes across, in order to determine what would be most practical in his life. Through his interactions with other characters, Grendel is exposed to the philosophies of solipsismRead MoreA Teacher s View On The Purpose Of Schooling989 Words   |  4 PagesAs an educator, it is important to have a personal teaching philosophy based on your beliefs. It also helps you to keep the focus on what your goals are as an educator and the way you plan to integrate those goals into your teaching. A stateme nt of philosophy begins with the educator s view on the purpose of schooling. In what ways are teachers going to challenge students to have high achievement standards? Along with goals for students, what are their responsibilities going to entail? These

Women and Diversity in the Workforce Free Essays

There is a growing and continuous interest in workplace diversity within management and organization studies. This interest can be traced back to Johnston and Packard†s (1987) influential report, Workforce 2000, which alerted organizations to the dramatic demographic changes that were in the process of transforming the North American workforce. (Prasad, 1997). We will write a custom essay sample on Women and Diversity in the Workforce or any similar topic only for you Order Now Managing diversity at the workplace presents many dilemmas. Confronted with constant change, management, business educators, and organizational consultants continue to meet the challenges of a new and diverse workforce in a number of ways. There are numerous ways in which to define diversity. Diversity includes all the ways in which people differ, and it encompasses all the different characteristics that make one individual or group different from another. It is all inclusive and recognizes everyone and every group as part of the diversity that should be valued. (Wentling, 1997). A broad definition includes not only race, gender, ethnicity , age, national origin, religion and disability, but may include sexual orientation, values, personality, education, language, physical appearance, marital status, lifestyle, beliefs and background characteristics such as geographic origin, tenure with the organization and economic status. There is a significant increase in women and minority populations in the workplace; Americans continue to mature; an increasing number of minority youths are becoming part of the workforce; gay men, lesbians, and bisexual individuals are becoming an important part of the workforce and marketplace; people with disabilities are also increasingly entering the labor force; and more business is becoming global. (Wentling, 1997). Nearly half of all workers will be women, and more than a quarter will likely be members of minority races. About 40% of the work force will be over 45 years of age and only about 15% of new entrants will be the young white males (Labich, 1996). And yet another statistic, the Hispanic population is quickly becoming the largest minority group in the United States and the fastest growing ethnic faction in the civilian labor force (Forst, 1997). With these changes marching forward ever so rapidly, it is no wonder that management must battle to stay on top of diversity issues. Having a diverse workforce and managing it properly is perceived as a competitive strategy that can not only help attract diverse customers but also employees who have different perspectives that can contribute to the creativity of the organization (Wentling, 1997). Researchers have found that an important reason for implementing diversity initiatives in organizations is to improve corporate productivity and profitability (Wentling, 1997). A diverse workforce catalyzes more organizational creativity and productivity because workers are drawn from a larger more democratic, gene pool (Prasad, 1997). When trying to diversify an organization, you can be assured that there will be resistance. Management must be able to implement change as necessary. No one series of workshops will be ideal for every organization, but the most effective training methods seem to revolve around the daily problems workers face. (Labich, 1996). â€Å"We are color and gender blind† is often heard throughout organizations in America. One of the biggest challenges may be to retrain managers to recognize and value differences rather than disregard and dismiss them (Mor Barak, 1998). You simply have to adapt your workplace to the labor force; ignore it, and you could be sacrificing quality and productivity (Labich, 1996). The point for management is understanding where the work force is at before you try to move it where you want. (Labich, 1996). Embracing diversity raises fundamental questions about how individuals in organizations define themselves, how they feel good about themselves, and how they experience and relate to others. If organizations are to embrace diversity, then they must find creative approaches to helping people become fully aware of the impact that social identity has on sense making and behavior (Prasad, 1997). BankAmerica is an example of a corporation that gives people a higher level of comfort to pursue their careers, to find out about opportunities. BankAmerica also focuses on mentoring programs and promotion practices (Brown, 1998). Yet another example of successful diversification is Liz Clairborne†s $2.4 billion-a-year fashion company which employs nearly 41% minorities. This is well about the average of 25.6% (Vinzant, 1998). Both companies have an awareness of the importance of diversification and thus make it a long-term goal. How to cite Women and Diversity in the Workforce, Papers

Power, Sex, Suicide free essay sample

Nick Lane, the author, has a very big interest in the mitochondria. The book gives very detailed descriptions about the mitochondria and biological terms regarding about the mitochondria. The title â€Å"Power, Sex, Suicide† got me interested to read the book. The title relates to the book itself because the book itself talks about a bit of evolution of life, the sexual reproduction, and the process of aging. â€Å"Mitochondria – The Meaning of Life†, the subtitle, gives the general idea of what the book is about. At first, mitochondria was typically known as â€Å"The power centers of the cell† but in this book, Nick has given effort out of interest to make a book that talks more about the interesting facts about the mitochondria and how it affects the evolution of humanity. The mitochondria, isn’t just a powerhouse of a cell, it was thought to be an â€Å"independent bacteria living lives† and the name originated from the Mitochondrial Eve. We will write a custom essay sample on Power, Sex, Suicide or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The author would take us back in the past at around 2-3 billion years ago and it gives us an introduction of the whole process of the evolutionary process of the mitochondria. He would split the information of the process of the evolutionary process of the mitochondria in 7 sections where each section explains a piece of the origin of the mitochondria and how it is today. When the mitochondria were still known as â€Å"independent bacteria living lives†, the book explains about how through the process of â€Å"endosymbiosis† it was being taken into organelles and became a part of the development of where we are now. Without the mitochondria being engulfed by other single – celled eukaryotes, then life on earth wouldn’t be as evolved as it is now. From reading this book, it was in a way that if you don’t know too much about the mitochondria, you will be confused. After a few times of reading the same section of the book, you’re able to see the difference from when you were stuck in that part to where you understand what he wrote because Nick Lane likes to refer things and allow the reader to remember back from the things he’s written even if he’s introducing a new topic. His findings in the mitochondria is more detailed that what we really needed to know but it’s amazing how much effort a person can explain about a topic. The book doesn’t just talk about the biology section of it but it also talks about a bit of chemistry as well. Nick explains the term â€Å"Hydrogen Hypothesis† and it’s basically about the concept of having a bonding between two prokaryotes and made the maternal eukaryote. He also describes the ATP (Adenosine triphosphate) and how we make our energy through oxidization and reduction. We are able to understand that for the ATP, it is used as an energy currency where it helps the cells from making the nutrients and proteins to another function. The book also provides diagrams for a visual look which allows readers to understand the concept in further depth and one of the diagrams shown was the simplified representation of the respiratory chain where the diagram shown labelled where the complexes I, III, IV, and where the ATPase is. I also learned that the ATP has a decomposition of adenosine diphosphate, and phosphate. It’s to show that â€Å"muscle fibres split ATP to liberate the energy that they need to contract and relax again†. The book contains a lot of information about the mitochondria. It talks about the origin of the mitochondria, the sexual reproduction of 2 sexes and genes, and the process of aging. The world without mitochondria is like a world that’s never going to be evolved at a state like today. The book teaches and helps us understand how important it is to know about the mitochondria and how important it was for the mitochondria to be engulfed and used for organelles. Nick Lane leaves the book with a question because there’s still so a lot of information ready to be explored.

The War Essay Example For Students

The War Essay The Persian Gulf War all started because of one countrys greed for oil. Iraq accused Kuwait of pumping oil and not sharing the benefits, and Kuwait was pumping more oil than allowed under quotas set by the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, it decreased the price of oil, Iraqs main export. Iraqs complaints against Kuwait grew more and more harsh, but they were mostly about money. When Iraqi forces began to assemble near the Kuwaiti border in the summer of 1990, several Arab states tried to intervene the dispute. Kuwait did not want to look weak so they did not ask for any help from the United States or other non-Arab powers for support. Arab mediators convinced Iraq and Kuwait to negotiate their differences in Saudi Arabia, on August 1, 1990, but that meeting resulted only in charges and countercharges. A second meeting was planned to take place in Baghdad, the Iraqi capital, but Iraq invaded Kuwait the next day, leading some people to think that Iraqi president Saddam Hussein had planned the invasion all along.The Iraqi attack began shortly after midnight on August 2. About 150,000 Iraqi troops, many of them veterans of the Iran-Iraq War, easily overwhelmed the unprepared and inexperienced Kuwaiti forces, which numbered about 20,000. By dawn, Iraq had assumed control of Kuwait City, the capital, and was soon in complete control of the country. The United Nation Security Council and the Arab League immediately condemned the Iraqi invasion. Four days later, the Security Council forced an economic restriction on Iraq that forbidden nearly all trades with Iraq. Any armed attempt to roll back the Iraqi invasion depended on Saudi Arabia, which shares a border with Iraq and Kuwait. Saudi Arabia did not have the power to fight Iraq alone . So Saudi rulers did eventually open the country to foreign forces, in mainly because they were worried by Iraqs aggressive negotiations also U.S. intelligence reports claimed that Iraqi forces were well positioned for a strike against Saudi Arabia. Beginning a week after the Iraqi take over of Kuwait and continuing for several months, a large international force called the international coalition gathered in Saudi Arabia. The United States sent more than 400,000 troops, and more than 200,000 additional troops came from Saudi Arabia, the United Kingdom, France, Kuwait, Egypt, Syria, Senegal, Niger, Morocco, Bangladesh, Pakistan, the United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Oman, and Bahrain. Other countries contributed ships, air forces, and medical units, including Canada, Italy, Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Denmark, Greece, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Czechoslovakia, New Zealand, the Netherlands, Poland, and South Korea. Still other countries made other contributions: Turkey allowed air bases on its territory to be used by coalition planes, and Japan and Germany gave financial support. The primary goal of the force was to prevent further Iraqi action, but most countries were aware the force might eventually be used to drive Iraq from Kuwait.

Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Gilman Essay Example For Students

Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Gilman Essay For the women in the twentieth century today, who have more freedom than beforeand have not experienced the depressive life that Gilman lived from 1860 to1935, it is difficult to understand Gilmans situation and understand thesignificance of The Yellow Wallpaper. Gilmans original purpose ofwriting the story was to gain personal satisfaction if Dr. S. Weir Mitchellmight change his treatment after reading the story. However, as Ann L. Janesuggests, The Yellow Wallpaper is the best crafted of her fiction: agenuine literary piecethe most directly, obviously, self-consciouslyautobiographical of all her stories (Introduction xvi). And more importantly,Gilman says in her article in The Forerunner, It was not intended to drivepeople crazy, but to save people from being driven crazy, and it worked (20). We will write a custom essay on Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Gilman specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Therefore, The Yellow Wallpaper is a revelation of Charlotte PerkinsGilmans own emotions. When the story first came out in 1892 the criticsconsidered The Yellow Wallpaper as a portrayal of female insanity ratherthan a story that reveals an aspect of society. In The Transcript, a physicianfrom Boston wrote, Such a story ought not to be writtenit was enough todrive anyone mad to read it (Gilman 19). This statement implies that anywoman that would write something to show opposition to the dominant socialvalues must have been insane. In Gilmans time setting The ideal woman wasnot only assigned a social role that locked her into her home, but she was alsoexpected to like it, to be cheerful and gay, smiling and good humored (Lane,To Herland 109). Those women who rejected this role and pursued intellectualenlightenment and freedom would be scoffed, alienated, and even punished. Thisis exactly what Gilman experienced when she tried to express her desire forindependence. Gilman expressed her emotional and psychological feelings ofrejection from society for thinking freely in The Yellow Wallpaper, whichis a reaction to the fact that it was against the grain of society for women topursue intellectual freedom or a career in the late 1800s. Her taking Dr. S. Weir Mitchells rest cure was the result of the pressures of theseprevalent social values. Charlotte Gilman was born on July 3, 1860, in Hartford,Connecticut in a family boasting a list of revolutionary thinkers, writers. Andintermarriages among them were, as Carol Berkin put it, in discreteconfirmation of their pride in association (18). One fact that catches ourattention is that, either from the inbreeding, or from the high intellectualcapacity of the family, there was a long sting of disorders ranging frommanic-depressive illness to nervous breakdowns including suicide and shortterm hospitalizations (Lane, To Herland 110). Harriet Beecher Stowe, Gilmansaunt, also complained about this illness. When writing to a friend, Beechersaid, My mind is exhausted and seems to be sinking into deadness (Lane, TOHerland 111). She felt this way for years and did not recover from so manybreakdowns until finding real release in her writing of Uncle TomsCabin (Lane, To Herland 111). And Catherine Be echer, another famous writer andlecturer at that time, was also sent to the same sanitarium for nervousdisorders. As Gilman came from a family of such well known feminists andrevolutionaries, it is without a doubt that she grew up with the idea that shehad the right to be treated as anyone, whether man or woman. Not only did thisstrong background affect her viewpoint about things, it also affected herrelations with her husband and what role she would play in that relationship. .u81b9f799d5e32a899965002930e42408 , .u81b9f799d5e32a899965002930e42408 .postImageUrl , .u81b9f799d5e32a899965002930e42408 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u81b9f799d5e32a899965002930e42408 , .u81b9f799d5e32a899965002930e42408:hover , .u81b9f799d5e32a899965002930e42408:visited , .u81b9f799d5e32a899965002930e42408:active { border:0!important; } .u81b9f799d5e32a899965002930e42408 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u81b9f799d5e32a899965002930e42408 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u81b9f799d5e32a899965002930e42408:active , .u81b9f799d5e32a899965002930e42408:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u81b9f799d5e32a899965002930e42408 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u81b9f799d5e32a899965002930e42408 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u81b9f799d5e32a899965002930e42408 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u81b9f799d5e32a899965002930e42408 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u81b9f799d5e32a899965002930e42408:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u81b9f799d5e32a899965002930e42408 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u81b9f799d5e32a899965002930e42408 .u81b9f799d5e32a899965002930e42408-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u81b9f799d5e32a899965002930e42408:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Drug Abuse in America EssayFrom the beginning of her marriage, she struggled with the idea of conforming tothe domestic model for women. Upon repeated proposals from Stetson, her husband,Gilman tried to lay bare her torments and reservations about gettingmarried (Lane, To Herland 85). She claimed that her thoughts, her acts, herwhole life would be centered on husband and children. To do the work she neededto do, she must be free (Lane, To Herland 85). Gilman was so scared of thisidea because she loved her work and she loved freedom, though she also loved herhusband very much. After a long period of uncertainty and vacillation shemarried Charles Stetson at 24 (Lane, Introdu ction x). Less than a year later,however, feelings of nervous exhaustion immediately descended uponGilman, and she became a mental wreck (Ceplair 17). In that period oftime, she wrote many articles on women caught between families and careersand the need for women to have

John Dillinger - Public Enemy No. 1

John Dillinger - Public Enemy No. 1 During the eleven months spanning from September 1933 through July 1934, John Herbert Dillinger and his gang robbed numerous Midwest banks, killed ten people and wounded at least seven others, and staged three jailbreaks. The Start of the Spree After serving a little more than eight years in prison, Dillinger was paroled on May 10, 1933, for his part in a 1924 robbery of a grocery store. Dillinger came out of prison as a very bitter man who had become a hardened criminal. His bitterness stemmed from the fact that he was given concurrent sentences of 2 to 14 years and 10 to 20 years while the man who committed the robbery with him served only two years. Dillinger immediately returned to a life of crime by robbing a Bluffton, Ohio bank. On September 22, 1933, Dillinger was arrested and jailed in Lima, Ohio as he was awaiting trial on the bank robbery charge. Four days after his arrest, several of Dillinger’s former fellow inmates escaped from prison shooting two guards in the process. On October 12, 1933, three of the escapees along with a fourth man went to the Lima county jail posing as prison agents who were there to pick up Dillinger on a parole violation and return him to prison. This ruse didn’t work, and the escapees ended up shooting the sheriff, who lived at the facility with his wife. They locked the sheriff’s wife and a deputy in a cell to free Dillinger from incarceration.   Dillinger and the four men who had freed him – Russell Clark, Harry Copeland, Charles Makley, and Harry Pierpont immediately went on a spree robbing a number of banks. In addition, they also looted two Indiana police arsenals where they took various firearms, ammunition and some bulletproof vests.   Ã‚   On December 14, 1933, a member of Dillinger’s gang killed a Chicago police detective. On January 15, 1934, Dillinger killed a police officer during a bank robbery in East Chicago, Indiana. The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) began posting photos of Dillinger and the members of his gang in the hope that the public would recognize them and turn them into local police departments.   The Manhunt Escalates Dillinger and his gang left the Chicago area and went to Florida for a short break before heading to Tucson, Arizona. On January 23, 1934, firemen, who responded to a blaze a Tucson hotel, recognized two hotel guests as being members of Dillinger’s gang from the photos that had been published by the FBI. Dillinger and three of his gang members were arrested, and police confiscated a cache of weapons that included three Thompson submachine guns, as well as five bulletproof vests, and more than $25,000 in cash. Dillinger was transported to the Crown Point, Indiana county jail which local authorities claimed was â€Å"escape proof† a claim which Dillinger proved wrong on March 3, 1934. Dillinger used a wooden gun that he had whittled in his cell and used it force the guards to open his. Then Dillinger locked up the guards and stole the Sheriff’s car, which he drove to and abandoned in Chicago, Illinois. This act allowed the FBI to finally join the Dillinger manhunt since driving a stolen car across state lines constitutes a federal offense. In Chicago, Dillinger picked up his girlfriend, Evelyn Frechette and they then drove to St. Paul, Minnesota where they met up with several of his gang members and Lester Gillis, who was known as â€Å"Baby Face Nelson.†Ã‚   Public Enemy No. 1 On March 30, 1934, the FBI learned that Dillinger may be in the St. Paul area and agents began speaking with managers of rentals and motels in the area and learned that there was a suspicious â€Å"husband and wife†   with the last name of Hellman at the Lincoln Court Apartments. The following day, an FBI agent knocked on the Hellman’s door, and Frechette answered but immediately closed the door. While waiting for reinforcements to arrive a member of Dillinger’s gang, Homer Van Meter, walked towards the apartment and upon being questioned shots were fired, and Van Meter was able to escape. Then Dillinger opened the door and opened fire with a ​machine gun allowing him and Frechette to escape, but Dillinger was injured in the process.​ A wounded Dillinger returned to his father’s home in Mooresville, Indiana with Frechette. Shortly after they arrived, Frechette returned to Chicago where she was promptly arrested by the FBI and was charged with harboring a fugitive. Dillinger would remain in Mooresville until his wound healed.After holding up a Warsaw, Indiana police station where Dillinger and Van Meter stole guns and bulletproof vests, Dillinger and his gang went to a summer resort called the Little Bohemia Lodge in northern Wisconsin. Due to the influx of gangsters, someone at the lodge phoned the FBI, who immediately set out for the lodge. On a cold April night, the agents arrived at the resort with their car lights turned off, but dogs immediately began barking. Machine gunfire broke out from the lodge, and a gun battle ensued.   Once the gunfire stopped, the agents learned that Dillinger and five others had been able to escape once again.    By the summer of 1934, FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover  named John Dillinger as America’s very first â€Å"Public Enemy No. 1.†

Misdiagnosis Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Misdiagnosis - Coursework Example Furthermore, it caused serious harm to the patient; thus, he should be punished for it. If the doctor knew that he was already overworked and therefore not in the best condition to attend to a patient, he should have assigned the case to another doctor instead of forcing himself to attend to the patient. He should have used his better judgment that something wrong might happen if he insists on attending to the patient. 3. Aside from the medical profession, another profession that can be held liable for negligence is a pilot (presumably he survives the crash) who knew that he was not feeling well when he flew the plane, yet still insisted on flying it which eventually resulted in an airplane crash. It may also be applicable to a captain of a ship who allowed the ship to navigate even if he knew that there was over capacity. A restaurant owner or chef may also be held liable for negligence if it served food which they knew beforehand was no longer fresh or was already contaminated but still served it to their customers. Food manufacturers may also face the same charges if they do not make sure that all the ingredients in the food that they manufacture are safe for human consumption and would have no harmful side effects. 4. If I was a member of a jury hearing a case of negligent homicide against a physician, my only preconception is to determine whether another doctor handling the case would have done the same as the physician being indicted. Also, I would like to know if the doctor has a tinge of doubt on his diagnosis and if he did, did he ask the opinions of other experts in the field. Another consideration is whether the doctor has the necessary competence and qualification to diagnose the patient and if he does not possess such skills, was the patient aware of this. Michon, K. (n.d.). Medical malpractice: Misdiagnosis and delayed diagnosis.

Abortion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Abortion - Essay Example explores the Divine Command Theory and debates the moral aspects of this divisive issue before touching on the practical arguments surrounding abortion by investigating its use to control population in China. The life of a human, from the time of conception, should be considered equally as viable as any individual. Consequently, the right of life as well as the social definition regarding ‘right’ and ‘wrong’ types of deaths should apply to potential lives which possess a future value of life, the same as any living person. Denying a being their future is murder. Unnatural, premature deaths that are considered justifiable by society include those that occur during war-time in addition to those that result from ‘mercy killings’ and the death penalty. Outside of these instances, society generally acts to protect all life even animals that have at least a chance of future potential. This is demonstrated by the life-saving techniques employed without question or hesitation in the case of people who wanted to end their life. Society will not allow it because it is simply wrong by any standard to end a life with potential. ‘Pro Choice’ advocat es counter this seemingly universal truth by saying just because a person has great potential doesn’t mean that they will achieve greatness in life therefore a potential life is not yet a life. They also argue that because a fetus is unconscious disqualifies it for being considered a person. Of course, emergency medical treatment is administered to unconscious people in an effort to save their life. Society mourns the death of the young more so than the old. Taking the life of a potential person who possesses an inherent value of life and is of the very youngest of society is in opposition to this widely accepted societal value.1 Various studies through the years have proven that abortion is an abhorrent physical, psychological and moral option for all concerned yet the ‘right to choose’ still

The Concept Of Identity Politics

The Concept Of Identity Politics Identity is about belonging, about what you have in common with some people and what differentiates you from others. At its most basic it gives you a sense of personal location, the stable core to your individuality. But it is also about your social relationships, your complex involvement with others, and in the modern world these have become ever more complex and confusing. Each of us live with a variety of potentially contradictory identities, which battle within us for allegiance: as men or women, black or white, straight or gay, able-bodied or disabled, British or European The list is potentially infinite, and so therefore are our possible belongings. Which of them we focus on, bring to the fore, identify with, depends on a host of factors. At the centre, however, are the values we share or wish to share with others. Identity politics was initially defined by and for the new social movements that came to public consciousness from the late 1960s: the black movement, feminism, lesbian and gay liberation and so on. The question of integrating these creative but diffuse and potentially divisive forces into the political mainstream has been part of the agony of the Left during the last decade. Issues of identity are now, however, at the centre of modern politics. When Mrs Thatcher utters anathemas against Brussels and all its works, or interfers in the details of the history curriculum, she is engaged in an exercise in delineating a cultural and political identity, in this case of Britishness, which she wants us to share. When President Gorbachev discourses on our common European home he is striving to re-form our perception of the Soviet identity, and to re-fashion our idea of Europe. When the Bradford mullahs organize simultaneously affirming and fashioning an identity as Muslims, but also as a bla ck British community entitled to the protection of the blasphemy laws like Anglicans and Catholics and evangelicals. When we mourn with students in Beijing, or express solidarity with black South Africans, or run (or sing, or joke) for the world, we are striving to realise our identities as members of the global village, as citizens of the world. Identities are not neutral. Behind the quest for identity are different, and often conflicting values. By saying who we are, we are also striving to express what we are, what we believe and what we desire. The problem is that these beliefs, needs and desires are often patently in conflict, not only between different communities but within individuals themselves. All this makes debates over values particularly fraught and delicate: they are not simply speculations about the world and our place in it; they touch on fundamental, and deeply felt, issues about who we are and what we want to be and become. They also pose major political questions: how to achieve a reconciliation between our collective needs as human beings and our specific needs as individuals and members of diverse communities, how to balance the universal and the particular. These are not new questions, but they are likely, nevertheless, to loom ever-larger as we engage with the certainty of uncertainty that characterise s new times. The Return of Values This is the background to a new concern with values in mainstream politics. Most notoriously, Mrs Thatcher has invoked Victorian values and has pronounced about everything from soccer hooliganism, to religion, to litter. Even the Labour Party, in an uncharacteristic burst of philosophising, has produced a statement on Democratic Socialist Aims and Values. And these are but the tips of an iceberg. Such flurries have not been entirely absent in the past from British political and cultural history. But on the whole, from the Second World War until recently, the political class eschewed too searching a discussion of values, preferring, in Harold Macmillans world-weary remark, to leave that to the bishops. During the years of the social-democratic consensus, welfarism, with its commitment to altruism and caring, provided a framework for social policy, but offered little guidance on the purposes of the good society. Similarly, in the sphere of private life, the most coherent framework of moral regulation, that enshrined in the permissive reforms in the 1960s of the laws relating to homosexuality, abortion, censorship etc, is based on a deliberate suspension of any querying of what is right or wrong. It relies instead on subtle distinctions between what the law may accept for public behaviour in upholding public decency, and what can be tolerated in private when the curtains are closed. Most of us are probably quietly grateful for such small mercies. As the postwar consensus has crumbled, however, the search for more or less coherent value-systems has become rather more fevered. On a personal level some people have moved promiscuously through drugs and alternative lifestyles to health fads and religion; a number seek to be born again. Perhaps most of us just share a vague feeling that things are not quite right. On the level of politics, various fundamentalisms, on Left and Right, have burst fort h, each articulating their own truth, whether it be about the perils of pornography, the wrongs done to animals, the rights and wrongs of this or that religion, or the marvels of the market economy.   There is a new climate where values matter, and politicians, willy-nilly, are being drawn into the debate. Speaking of values, as the philosopher Paul Feyerabend has said, is a roundabout way of describing the kind of life one wants to lead or thinks one wants to lead. 1 Mrs Thatcher has been clearer about the sort of life she wants us to lead than any other recent political leader. She does not trust her bishops, so the values of the corner-shop and the cautious housewife have expanded inexorably into the culture of enterprise and the spiritual significance of capitalism. From her paean to Victorian values in the run-up to the 1983 General Election to her address to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland in May 1988, Mrs Thatchers moral outlook has had, in Jonathan Rabans phrase, a peculiar integrity. 2 Questions of value have traditionally been more central to socialist debates than to conservatism but during the 1970s and early 1980s the nervous collapse of the Left allowed little room for such niceties. Recently, there have been welcome signs of a revival of concern with basic values. The Labour Partys 1988 statement, Democratic Socialist Aims and Values, intended to frame the partys policy review, may have been too bland for many peoples taste (The true purpose of democratic socialism is the creation of a genuinely free society) but it was the first time since 1917 that the Party had attempted to define its purposes, and in a recognizable philosophical tradition (essentially the rights based liberalism of the American philosopher, John Rawls). At the same time the Party seems to be attempting to resurrect the half-buried collectivist traditions of the British population. The lyrical Kinnock election broadcast in 1987 subliminally told us of the importance of rootedness and be longing as the basis for political advance. The Labour Partys poster campaign early in 1989 The Labour Party. Our party similarly articulated a sense of shared values, of communal spirit, lying latent in the collective unconscious. In part, of course, these Labour Party innovations illustrate the wizardry of ad-agency skills, but it is not too fanciful to see them as a reflection of broader tendencies towards reasserting universal humanistic values, which transcend conventional political divisions. In their different ways, President Gorbachev and green politics have made an impact because of their expression of a human solidarity underlying the divisions of the world. Gorbachevs address to the United Nations in 1988 turned on a call to respect universal human values, and looked forward to an ending of the arbitrary divisions between peoples. Green philosophy calls on the same sense of our common destiny and interdependence, as human beings and as fellow inhabitants of spaceship ea rth, and in doing so claims to displace traditional divisions between Left and Right. It is impossible to underestimate the power of these various (and perhaps sometimes contradictory) appeals to human solidarity after a decade dominated by an ethic of human selfishness. We are reminded that what we have in common as human beings is more important than what divides us as individuals or members of other collectivities. Difference Nevertheless there are difficulties for the Left in an all-embracing humanism. As a philosophical position it may be a good starting point, but it does not readily tell us how to deal with difference. As President Gorbachev could bitterly affirm, it is difference economic, national, linguistic, ethnic, religious and the conflicting identities and demands that diversity gives rise to, that poses a major threat to perestroika, and to human solidarity. If ever-growing social complexity, cultural diversity and a proliferation of identities are indeed a mark of the postmodern world, then all the appeals to our common interest as humans will be as naught unless we can at the same time learn to live with difference. This should be the crux of modern debates over values. In confronting the challenge of social and moral diversity, the responses of Left and Right are significantly different. The Right has a coherent, if in the long run untenable, view of the moral economy. At its most extrem e, expressed in Mrs Thatchers dictum that there is no such thing as society, only individuals and their families, difference becomes merely a matter of individual quirks or pathologies. Social goods are products of individual wills or desires, mediated by family responsibilities. In the economic sphere, this leads to a privileging of individual choice, the essence as Mrs Thatcher put it during the 1987 election campaign of morality. Rut moral choice, in turn, particularly with regard to issues such as sexuality, is limited by the commitment to a traditional concept of domestic obligation, in and through the family. The Left, on the other hand, is heir to a strong sense of collective identities, of powerful inherited solidarities derived from class and work communities, and of different social constituencies, however inadequately in the past it has been able to deal with them. Multi-culturalism, as it was articulated from the 1960s in the legislation on racial equality, embodied a notion of different communities evolving gradually into a harmonious society where difference was both acknowledged and irrelevant. In rather less hopeful times, the commitment to the co-existence of different value-systems is implied in the statement on Democratic Socialist Aims and Values: Socialists rejoice in human diversity. But the Left has been less confident and sure-footed when faced by the reality of difference. When the Livingstone-led Greater London Council attempted to let a hundred flowers bloom at County Hall in pursuit of a new majority of minorities, the response of the Labour Party establishment varied from the sceptical to the horrified. Nor should we be entirely surprised at that: despite its political daring, and commendable commitment to those hitherto excluded from the political mainstream, it was difficult to detect behind the GLC policy anything more coherent than the belief that grass-roots activity and difference in itself were prime goods. Empowerment, yes; but whom should the Left empower? The Salman Rushdie crisis has dramatised the absence of any clear-cut philosophy on the Left. The Rushdie affair is important for socialists not simply because it concerns the fate of an individual (and an individual of the Left at that) but because it underscores in the most painful way the dil emmas of diversity. At its simplest we have an apparent conflict of absolutes: the right of an author to freedom of speech, to challenge whomsoever he wishes in a democratic society, set against the claims of a distinctive moral community not to have its fundamental religious beliefs attacked and undermined. Rut of course the real divisions are more complex and profound. The Left has not on the whole been willing to endorse an absolute right of free speech. On the contrary it has supported campaigns against racist and sexist literature, whilst a strong minority has supported the banning of pornography.   On the other side, the Muslim communities at the centre of the crisis are themselves not monolithic, bisected as they inevitably are by antagonisms of class and gender, and by political conflicts. At the same time the issues raised do not exist only in a meta-realm of principle: they work their way through the murky world of politics, in this case the complexities of international politics as well as the ward by ward, constituency by constituency problems of Labour politicians. Nevertheless, there is a central question at the heart of the Rushdie affair, and it concerns the possibilities and limits of pluralism in a complex society. Lets take as an example the question of religious education in schools: the government by insisting under the 1988 Education Reform Act that there should be a daily act of Christian worship in maintained schools is in effect asserting the centrality of the Christian tradition to, in Mrs Thatchers words, our national heritage For centuries it has been our very life-blood. People with other faiths and cultures are always, of course, welcome in our land, but their beliefs can only, by implication, ever hope to have a secondary position in relation to ours. Labour, however, accepts a less monolithic view of our religious past and present. As a result it seems prepared to support the principle of state-funding of separate fundamentalist Muslim schools. There is a certain multi-cultural rationale in this: if Anglican, Jewish and Roman Catholic schools are supported by the state, there seems no logic in not supporting the schools of other faiths as well. But schools transmit cultural values, some of which in the case of fundamentalists run counter to oft-declared values of the Left. In this case, the schools will be based on a principle of sex-segregation which elsewhere Labour opposes. As a letter to the Guardian from Southall Black Sisters put it, the Labour Party is prepared to abandon the principle of equality where black women are concerned. Instead, they deliver us into the hands of male, conservative and religious forces within our communities, who deny us our right to live as we please.5 This underlines the danger of seeing communi ties as unified wholes, rather than as the locus of debate and divisions. Not surprisingly, the multi-culturalist values of the Labour Party seem as likely to cause confusion, conflict and distrust as the explicitly mono-culturalist views of the Right. It is ironically appropriate that these dilemmas should have been brought to the surface by the publication of, and reaction to, Rushdies The Satanic Verses. Not only was the book written by an immigrant and about immigrants, but the book itself, as Malise Ruthven argued on its publication, is about changing identities, about the transformations of identities that affect migrants who leave the familiar reference points of their homeland and find themselves in a place where the rules are different, and all the markers have been changed. This is not simply the experience of the migrant: the sense of dislocation and disorientation, of the rules of the game subtly changing, of the co-existence within us of conflicting needs, desires and i dentities, is becoming a major cultural experience for us all. Choice The basic issue can be stated quite simply: by what criteria can we choose between the conflicting claims of different loyalties? To ask the question immediately underlines the poverty of our thinking about this. Can the rights of a group obliterate the rights of an individual? Should the morality of one sector of the population be allowed to limit the freedom of other citizens. To what extent should one particular definition of the good and the just prevail over others? These are ancient questions, but the alarming fact is that the Left lacks a common language for addressing them, let alone resolving them. There have been two characteristic approaches on the Left in confronting these dilemmas. Firstly, there is the discourse of rights, probably still the most potent mobilising force in the worlds of politics and morality. In the United States the protection of individual rights is enshrined in the constitution, and the claim to group rights has become the basis of many of the transf orming currents of recent American politics, from the civil rights and black power movements to the womens movement and lesbian and gay liberation. Elsewhere in the West, a rights-based politics is similarly enshrined in written constitutions, bills of rights, constitutional courts, and so on. In Britain, the tradition is enfeebled. Individual rights, though much bandied around in the political rough and tumble, are not entrenched in a constitutional settlement, and the concept of group rights barely exists. Rights are, however, clearly back on the agenda of the Left: the response to the launch of Charter 88, with its appeal for a new constitutional settlement, with government subordinate to the law and basic rights guaranteed, suggests there is a strongly felt need for a codification and protection of fundamental rights. Unfortunately, the claim to right, however well established at a constitutional level, does not help when rights are seen to be in conflict. To take the issue of a bortion (yet again the focus of moral debate in America and Britain), here the conflict is between two violently conflicting claims to right: the rights of the unborn child against the rights of a woman to control her own body. In these stark terms the conflict is unresolvable, because two value-systems tug in quite different directions. The problem is that rights do not spring fully armed from nature. They cannot find a justification simply because they are claimed. Rights are products of human association, social organisation, traditions of struggle, and historical definitions of needs and obligations: whatever their claims to universality, they are limited by the philosophical system to which they belong, and the social and political context in which they are asserted. This is not to deny the importance of rights-based arguments. But if we are to take rights seriously we must begin to articulate the sort of rights and the type of political culture we want. This is the starting point for the second major approach to the dilemma of choice, the politics of emancipation. In his essay On the Jewish Question in the 1840s Marx counterposed to the morality of Rights a morality of emancipation, and even more powerfully than the claim to rights this has proved a potent mobilising force.8 It offers a vision of a totally free society, where everyones potentiality is fully realised, and a powerful analysis of the constraints on the realisation of human emancipation. At its heart is a denial that want, division, selfishness and conflict are essential parts of human nature. True human nature, it claims, can flourish in a truly emancipated society. Most of us who are socialist must have been inspired by this vision. As a politics of liberation it shaped the rhetoric of the social movements that emerged in the 1960s. It is still latent in the hungerfor utopia and for the transcendence of difference that shades our politics. The difficulty is that the p ractice has rarely kept up with the vision, particularly in the history of Marxism. The Marxist tradition has been reluctant to define the nature of the emancipated society, and has been noticeably blind to questions of nationalism, ethnicity, gender and sexuality. Nor do the experiences of the soi disant socialist countries offer much confidence in the attainability of emancipation in the terms offered by the tradition so far. We must not confuse a noble goal with the sordid practices of particular regimes, but we need to ponder whether the very project of human emancipation as conventionally set forth is not itself the fundamental problem. The glorious goal has all too often justified dubious means, whilst the absence of any detailed exposition of the meaning of emancipation has left us floundering when faced by the reality of conflicting claims to right and justice.